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What is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a gynecological condition. This is when tissue develops on the outside of the uterus, usually on other reproductive organs inside the pelvis or in the abdominal cavity. This tissue responds to the hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle by breaking down resulting in small bleeding inside of the pelvis. This then in turn results to inflammation, swelling and scarring of the normal tissue surrounding the endometriosis. When the ovary becomes involved, the blood can then become embedded in the normal ovarian tissue resulting in blood blisters surrounded by a fibrous cyst.
What are the symptoms?
- Painful periods
- Intercourse pain
- Excessive bleeding
- Infertility
- Pain with bowel movements or urination
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Bloating
- Nausea
What are the causes?
The exact cause of endometriosis is not certain. But here are some possible explanations:
- Retrograde menstruation - these enometrial cells stick to the pelvic walls and surfaces of pelvic organs, where they grow and continue to thicken and bleed during the menstural cycle.
- Embryonic cell transformation - some hormones can transform embryonic cells into endometrial like cell implants.
- Transformation of peritoneal cells - hormones promote transformation of peritoneal cells that line the inner abdomen into endometrial like cells.
- Immune system disorder - some issues with the immune system may make the body unable to destroy endometrial like tissue on the outside uterus.
- Endometrial cell transport - blood vessels system may transport endometrial cells to other areas of the body.
Endometriosis occurs when cells grow outside the uterus in other part of the body. This tissue can attach to (but not limited to):
- Ovaries
- Fallopian Tube
- Rectum
- Bowel
- Linning of the pelvic area
- Bladder
How common is it?
Endometriosis is very common. According to Johns Hopkins Medicine 2-10 percent of American women have endometriosis. It usually starts when you begin to have your period. But is usually diagnosis around 25-35.
If you suspect that you might have endometriosis then go see your doctor.
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